The geomagnetic field was quiet on November 29. The high latitude magnetometer at Andenes recorded very quiet conditions.
Solar flux at 20h UT on 2.8 GHz was 116.3 - increasing 34.7 over the previous solar rotation. (Centered 1 year average SF at 1 AU: Minimum of 69.13 on November 17, 2019. Current: 72.24). The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 4 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 4.1). Three hour interval K indices: 02221100 (planetary), 02232210 (Boulder), 00111100 (Andenes).
The background x-ray flux is at the class B4 level (GOES 16).
At the time of counting spots (see image time), spots were observed in 4 active regions using 2K resolution (SN: 117) and in 4 active regions using 1K resolution (SN: 74) SDO/HMI images.
Region 12785 [S23W18]
decayed significantly in the trailing spot section. SWPC decided to split
off the trailing spots into new AR 12788.
Region 12786 [S16W02] decayed slowly. There's a
minor chance of a major flare.
Region 12787 [N29E38] was quiet and stable.
New region 12789 [S25E43] emerged on November 28 and was numbered the
next day by SWPC.
An active region just behind the southeast limb produced the largest flare of cycle 25, a long duration M4.4 event. This event was associated with a faint full halo CME, while the main part of the ejected material was observed over most of the east limbs. The shockwave from the flare was observed affecting the corona above most of the eastern hemisphere. While the CME core is not headed towards Earth, it is uncertain if the CME shock front will reach Earth. If it does, the most likely time of arrival is on December 1-2. The first spot of this region has rotated into view at S22E86 at 05:30 UT on November 30 and has been numbered S6639.
C2+ flares:
| Magnitude | Peak time (UT) | Location | AR | Recorded by | Comment |
| M4.4 | 13:11 | S22E90 | S6639 | GOES16 |
November 27-29: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed in available LASCO imagery.
[Coronal hole history (since October 2002)]
[Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago]
No obvious coronal holes are currently in or near Earth facing positions.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over upper middle and high latitudes is poor to fair. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is fair.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet on November 30 - December 3. There is a slight chance a shockwave from the November 29 M4 LDE could reach Earth on December 1 or 2 and cause unsettled to active conditions.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejection (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole
could reach Earth within the next 5 days. When the high speed
stream has arrived the color changes to green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48 hours.
Green: 0-30% probability, Yellow: 30-70% probability, Red: 70-100% probability.
(Click on image for 2K resolution).
4K resolution.
Compare to the previous day's image. 0.5K image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue is positive.
Data for all officially numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC, all other regions are numbered sequentially as they emerge using the STAR spot number. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers. SWPC data considered to be not sufficiently precise (location, area, classification) are red colored.
| Active region | SWPC date numbered STAR detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with magnetic polarity overlays |
Comment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC/ USAF |
Magnetic (SDO) |
SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | ||||||
| 2K | 1K | ||||||||||
| 12783 | 2020.11.16 2020.11.17 |
1 | S22W89 | 0020 | HSX |
 |
rotated out of view, area was 0090 earlier in the day |
||||
| 12784 | 2020.11.20 2020.11.21 |
N32W83 | location: N31W76 | ||||||||
| 12785 | 2020.11.22 2020.11.22 |
1 | 26 | 10 | S23W22 | 0090 | HSX | FSO |
 |
 |
area: 0210 |
| 12786 | 2020.11.22 2020.11.23 |
13 | 47 | 22 | S17E03 | 0770 | FKI | FKI |
 |
 |
area: 0920 location: S16W02 |
| S6626 | 2020.11.23 | N27W50 | |||||||||
| S6629 | 2020.11.24 | S19W34 | |||||||||
| S6631 | 2020.11.24 | N28W47 | |||||||||
| S6632 | 2020.11.26 | S05W20 | |||||||||
| 12787 | 2020.11.26 2020.11.27 |
1 | 1 | 1 | N29E37 | 0010 | AXX | HRX |
 |
 |
|
| S6634 | 2020.11.27 | S03W00 | |||||||||
| S6635 | 2020.11.27 | S19W43 | |||||||||
| S6636 | 2020.11.28 | S12W11 |
 |
||||||||
| S6637 | 2020.11.28 | S32W30 | |||||||||
| 12788 | 2020.11.29 | 7 | S26W07 | 0030 | CRO | spots belong to AR 12785 | |||||
| 12789 | 2020.11.28 2020.11.29 |
1 | 3 | 1 | S25E43 | 0010 | AXX | HRX |
 |
 |
|
| S6639 | 2020.11.30 | S22E86 |
 |
||||||||
| Total spot count: | 24 | 77 | 34 | ||||||||
| Sunspot number: | 84 | 117 | 77 | (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
| Weighted SN: | 47 | 98 | 55 | (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
| Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 92 | 64 | 62 | k * (sunspot number) As of May 7, 2016: k = 1.1 for SWPC, k = 0.55 for MSN 2K, k = 0.80 for MSN 1K (MSN=Magnetic Sunspot Number) |
|||||||
| Month | Average solar flux | International sunspot number (WDC-SILSO) |
Smoothed sunspot number (4) | Average ap (3) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured | 1 AU | ||||
| 2014.02 | 170.3 (cycle peak) |
166.3 | 146.1 (cycle peak) | 110.5 | 10.70 |
| 2014.04 | 143.9 | 144.8 | 112.5 | 116.4 (solar max) | 7.88 |
| 2017.09 | 91.3 | 92.3 | 43.6 | 18.2 (-1.3) | 18.22 (cycle peak) |
| 2019.05 | 71.3 | 72.8 | 9.9 | 3.9 (-0.4) | 6.98 |
| 2019.06 | 68.1 | 70.3 | 1.2 | 3.7 (-0.2) | 4.26 |
| 2019.07 | 67.1 | 69.3 | 0.9 | 3.5 (-0.2) | 5.36 |
| 2019.08 | 67.0 | 68.7 | 0.5 | 3.4 (-0.1) | 6.79 |
| 2019.09 | 67.9 | 68.7 | 1.1 | 3.1 (-0.3) | 9.81 |
| 2019.10 | 67.4 | 67.0 | 0.4 | 2.6 (-0.5) | 7.53 |
| 2019.11 | 70.2 | 68.7 | 0.5 | 2.0 (-0.6) (November 17, 2019 is the solar minimum using 365d smoothing for 1 AU solar flux, NOAA SN and both of STAR 1K and 2K SN) |
4.19 |
| 2019.12 | 70.8 | 68.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 (-0.2) (ISN 13 months smoothed solar minimum) |
3.22 |
| 2020.01 | 72.2 | 69.9 | 6.4 | 2.2 (+0.4) | 4.39 |
| 2020.02 | 71.0 | 69.3 | 0.4 | 2.8 (+0.6) | 6.16 |
| 2020.03 | 70.2 | 69.5 | 1.5 | 3.0 (+0.2) | 5.63 |
| 2020.04 | 69.5 | 70.0 | 5.4 | 3.6 (+0.6) | 5.32 |
| 2020.05 | 69.0 | 70.6 | 0.2 | (4.7 projected, +1.1) | 3.80 |
| 2020.06 | 69.5 | 71.7 | 5.8 | (5.9 projected, +1.2) | 3.75 |
| 2020.07 | 69.5 | 71.8 | 6.3 | (6.9 projected, +1.0) | 4.28 |
| 2020.08 | 71.6 | 73.4 | 7.6 | (8.2 projected, +1.3) | 5.68 |
| 2020.09 | 70.7 | 71.4 | 0.7 | (10.2 projected, +2.0) | 8.59 |
| 2020.10 | 74.6 | 74.2 | 14.4 | (11.7 projected, +1.5) | 6.13 |
| 2020.11 | (89.2) (1) | 26.9 (2A) / 27.9 (2B) / 31.7 (2C) | (13.1 projected, +1.4) | (4.9) | |
| 2020.12 | (15.2 projected, +2.1) | ||||
| 2021.01 | (17.2 projected, +2.0) | ||||
| 2021.02 | (19.2 projected, +2.0) | ||||
| 2021.03 | (21.4 projected, +2.2) | ||||
| 2021.04 | (23.5 projected, +2.1) | ||||
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at 2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder (NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days).
2B) Boulder SN current month average to date.
2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices. Values in red
are based on the definitive international
GFZ Potsdam WDC ap indices.
4) Source: SIDC-SILSO.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on the analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to Universal Time. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
