Last major update issued on July 23, 2011 at 05:55 UTC.
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Annotated geomagnetic activity charts - Carrington rotation
2110 [May-June
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The geomagnetic field was quiet to unsettled on July 22. Solar wind speed ranged between 564 and 717 km/s under the influence of a high speed stream from CH466.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 92.4 (decreasing 1.2 over the last solar rotation). The planetary A index was 8 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 8.3). Three hour interval K indices: 23312322 (planetary), 33323222 (Boulder).
The background x-ray flux is at the class B1 level.
At midnight UTC the visible solar disk had 5 spotted regions.
Region 11251 was quiet and stable.
Region 11254 decayed quickly and was quiet.
Region 11259 decayed quickly and quietly.
Spotted regions not numbered by NOAA/SWPC:
[S1127] emerged in the northeast quadrant on July 22. Location at midnight:
N05E50
[S1128] emerged in the northwest quadrant on July 22. Location at
midnight: N07W27
July 20-22: No obviously earth directed CMEs were observed.
Coronal hole history (since late October
2002)
Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago
A small trans equatorial coronal hole has been observed the last couple of days and rotated to an Earth facing position late on July 22. However, this coronal hole appears to be closing. Minor geomagnetic effects are possible on July 23 A well defined coronal hole has rotated into view in the northeast quadrant. It currently appears to be too far to the north to cause a geomagnetic disturbance.
The above coronal hole map is based on a new method where coronal holes are detected automatically. The method may need some fine tuning, however, it has significant advantages over detecting coronal holes manually. The main improvement is the ability to detect coronal holes at and just beyond the solar limbs. Early results using this method for SDO images over a span of several weeks indicate a good match between coronal holes observed over the visible disk and their extent and position at the east and west limbs. Note that the polar coronal holes are easily detected using the new method, the extent and intensity of both holes are consistent with other data sources.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over high and upper middle latitudes is poor. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is fair to good.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to unsettled on July 23 due to a diminishing high speed stream from CH466. Quiet conditions are likely on July 24-25.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejections (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth within the
next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the color changes to
green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48
hours.
Green: 0-20% probability, Yellow: 20-60% probability, Red: 60-100% probability.
(Click on image for higher resolution image) Compare to the previous day's image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue (blue-green) is positive.
Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.
| Active region | Date numbered detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with polarity overlay |
Comment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC | STAR SDO | SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | |||||
| 11251 | 2011.07.10 2011.07.11 |
1 | 1 | N17W76 | 0040 | HSX | HSX |
 |
 |
location: N17W74 |
| 11255 | 2011.07.12 2011.07.14 |
N18W62 |
 |
plage | ||||||
| 11252 | 2011.07.12 2011.07.13 |
N25W50 | plage |
|||||||
| 11254 | 2011.07.13 2011.07.14 |
10 | 19 | S24W42 | 0080 | DSO | CRO |
 |
 |
location: S23W40 area: 0030 |
| 11256 | 2011.07.14 2011.07.15 |
N10W63 | plage |
|||||||
| S1121 | 2011.07.16 | N18W34 | plage | |||||||
| 11259 | 2011.07.17 2011.07.18 |
13 | 11 | N25E18 | 0060 | DSO | CSO |
 |
 |
location: N24E17 area: 0030 |
| S1123 | 2011.07.17 | N10W24 | plage | |||||||
| S1125 | 2011.07.19 | S17W27 | plage | |||||||
| S1126 | 2011.07.21 | N23W07 |
 |
plage | ||||||
| S1127 | 2011.07.22 | 3 | N05E50 | 0000 | BXO |
 |
||||
| S1128 | 2011.07.22 | 1 | N07W27 | 0000 | AXX |
 |
||||
| Total spot count: | 24 | 35 | ||||||||
| Sunspot number: | 54 | 85 | (raw spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
| Classification adjusted SN: | 39 | 48 | (Sum of raw spot count + classification adjustment for each AR. Classification adjustment: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
| Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 32 | 28 | k * (sunspot number). k = 0.6 for SWPC. k = 0.33 for STAR SDO | |||||||
| Month | Average measured solar flux | International sunspot number (SIDC) | Smoothed sunspot number | Average ap (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008.07 | 65.7 (SF minimum) | 0.5 | 2.8 (-0.4) | |
| 2008.12 | 69.2 | 0.8 | 1.7 (-) sunspot minimum |
3.25 |
| 2010.04 | 75.9 | 8.0 | 14.0 (+1.7) | 10.22 / 10.24 |
| 2010.05 | 73.8 | 8.7 | 15.5 (+1.5) | 9.18 / 8.15 |
| 2010.06 | 72.5 | 13.6 | 16.4 (+0.9) | 8.17 / 6.85 |
| 2010.07 | 79.8 | 16.1 | 16.7 (+0.3) | 6.31 / 5.15 |
| 2010.08 | 79.2 | 19.6 | 17.4 (+0.7) | 8.49 / 7.77 |
| 2010.09 | 81.1 | 25.2 | 19.6 (+2.2) | 5.33 / 5.45 |
| 2010.10 | 81.6 | 23.5 | 23.2 (+3.6) | 6.07 / 6.27 |
| 2010.11 | 82.5 | 21.5 | 26.5 (+3.3) | 4.80 / 5.50 |
| 2010.12 | 84.2 | 14.4 | 28.8 (+2.3) | 3.41 / 4.35 |
| 2011.01 | 83.6 | 19.1 | (30.6 predicted, +1.8) | 4.32 / 5.51 |
| 2011.02 | 94.6 | 29.4 | (32.6 predicted, +2.0) | 5.41 / 6.44 |
| 2011.03 | 115.0 | 56.2 | (35.2 predicted, +2.6) | 7.79 / 8.18 |
| 2011.04 | 112.6 | 54.4 | (38.1 predicted, +2.9) | 9.71 / 8.83 |
| 2011.05 | 95.8 | 41.6 | (41.4 predicted, +3.3) | 9.18 / 8.94 |
| 2011.06 | 95.8 | 37.0 | (45.2 predicted, +3.8) | 8.96 |
| 2011.07 | 91.6 (1) | 47.3 (2A) / 66.7 (2B) | (49.4 predicted, +4.1) | (9.88) |
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at
2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder
(NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days). The
official SIDC international sunspot number is typically 30-50% lower. 2B) Month
average to date.
3) Running average based on the preliminary daily SWPC ap indices.
Values in red are based on the official NGDC
ap indices.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to the UTC day. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
