Last major update issued on July 31, 2011 at 06:05 UTC.
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Annotated geomagnetic activity charts - Carrington rotation
2110 [May-June
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[Solar polar fields vs solar cycles - updated
June 27, 2011]
The geomagnetic field was quiet to minor storm on July 30. Solar wind speed ranged between 328 and 538 km/s under the influence of a high speed stream from CH468.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 112.7 (increasing 26.4 over the last solar rotation). The planetary A index was 16 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 16.0). Three hour interval K indices: 11123454 (planetary), 11122442 (Boulder).
The background x-ray flux is at the class B4 level.
At midnight UTC the visible solar disk had 6 spotted regions.
Region 11260 matured further and was quiet.
Region 11261 added spots and has at least one magnetic delta structure in
the southeastern penumbrae. Further M class flares are possible.
Flare: Major, impulsive M9.3
at 02:09 UTC. The flare was dry (no obvious CME produced).
Region 11263 did not change significantly and remains capable of
producing an M class flare.
Region 11264 reemerged with a single, tiny spot.
New region 11265 emerged in the northeastern quadrant on July 27 and was
numbered by SWPC 3 days later. Slow growth was observed on July 30.
Flare: C1.3 at 12:17 UTC.
Spotted regions not numbered by NOAA/SWPC:
[S1136] reemerged with several spots on July 30. Location at midnight:
S25E23
July 28-30: No obviously earth directed CMEs were observed.
Coronal hole history (since late October
2002)
Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago
A well defined recurrent coronal hole (CH468) in the northern hemisphere was in an Earth facing position on July 26-27.
The above coronal hole map is based on a new method where coronal holes are detected automatically. The method may need some fine tuning, however, it has significant advantages over detecting coronal holes manually. The main improvement is the ability to detect coronal holes at and just beyond the solar limbs. Early results using this method for SDO images over a span of several weeks indicate a good match between coronal holes observed over the visible disk and their extent and position at the east and west limbs. Note that the polar coronal holes are easily detected using the new method, the extent and intensity of both holes are consistent with other data sources.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over high and upper middle latitudes is poor. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is fair.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to unsettled on July 31 - August 1 due to effects from CH468. Quiet conditions are likely on August 2.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejections (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth within the
next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the color changes to
green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48
hours.
Green: 0-20% probability, Yellow: 20-60% probability, Red: 60-100% probability.
(Click on image for higher resolution image) Compare to the previous day's image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue (blue-green) is positive.
Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.
| Active region | Date numbered detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with polarity overlay |
Comment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC | STAR SDO | SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | |||||
| S1127 | 2011.07.22 | N05W59 | plage | |||||||
| S1129 | 2011.07.23 | N11W59 | plage | |||||||
| S1131 | 2011.07.23 | S17W59 | plage | |||||||
| 11260 | 2011.07.24 | 12 | 25 | N19W09 | 0330 | EHI | EKO |
 |
 |
area: 0450 location: N18W11 |
| 11262 | 2011.07.24 2011.07.27 |
N16W77 | plage |
|||||||
| 11261 | 2011.07.25 2011.07.26 |
23 | 62 | N17E22 | 0350 | DKC | EKC |
 |
 |
beta-gamma-delta location: N15E20 |
| S1136 | 2011.07.26 | 3 | S25E23 | 0000 | BXO |
 |
||||
| S1137 | 2011.07.26 | N07W35 | plage | |||||||
| 11264 | 2011.07.27 2011.07.28 |
2 | 1 | S29E20 | 0010 | AXX | AXX |
 |
area: 0000 location: S33E27 |
|
| 11265 | 2011.07.27 2011.07.30 |
2 | 6 | N18W41 | 0010 | BXO | CRO |
 |
 |
formerly region S1141 |
| S1142 | 2011.07.27 | S17E19 | plage | |||||||
| 11263 | 2011.07.27 2011.07.28 |
12 | 15 | N18E48 | 0310 | DHI | DHC |
 |
 |
beta-gamma location: N17E47 area: 0550 |
| S1145 | 2011.07.28 | N30W46 | plage | |||||||
| S1146 | 2011.07.29 | S22E04 |
 |
plage | ||||||
| S1147 | 2011.07.29 | S24W30 |
 |
plage | ||||||
| Total spot count: | 51 | 112 | ||||||||
| Sunspot number: | 101 | 172 | (raw spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
| Classification adjusted SN: | 81 | 145 | (Sum of raw spot count + classification adjustment for each AR. Classification adjustment: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
| Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 61 | 57 | k * (sunspot number). k = 0.6 for SWPC. k = 0.33 for STAR SDO | |||||||
| Month | Average measured solar flux | International sunspot number (SIDC) | Smoothed sunspot number | Average ap (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008.07 | 65.7 (SF minimum) | 0.5 | 2.8 (-0.4) | |
| 2008.12 | 69.2 | 0.8 | 1.7 (-) sunspot minimum |
3.25 |
| 2010.04 | 75.9 | 8.0 | 14.0 (+1.7) | 10.22 / 10.24 |
| 2010.05 | 73.8 | 8.7 | 15.5 (+1.5) | 9.18 / 8.15 |
| 2010.06 | 72.5 | 13.6 | 16.4 (+0.9) | 8.17 / 6.85 |
| 2010.07 | 79.8 | 16.1 | 16.7 (+0.3) | 6.31 / 5.15 |
| 2010.08 | 79.2 | 19.6 | 17.4 (+0.7) | 8.49 / 7.77 |
| 2010.09 | 81.1 | 25.2 | 19.6 (+2.2) | 5.33 / 5.45 |
| 2010.10 | 81.6 | 23.5 | 23.2 (+3.6) | 6.07 / 6.27 |
| 2010.11 | 82.5 | 21.5 | 26.5 (+3.3) | 4.80 / 5.50 |
| 2010.12 | 84.2 | 14.4 | 28.8 (+2.3) | 3.41 / 4.35 |
| 2011.01 | 83.6 | 19.1 | (30.6 predicted, +1.8) | 4.32 / 5.51 |
| 2011.02 | 94.6 | 29.4 | (32.6 predicted, +2.0) | 5.41 / 6.44 |
| 2011.03 | 115.0 | 56.2 | (35.2 predicted, +2.6) | 7.79 / 8.18 |
| 2011.04 | 112.6 | 54.4 | (38.1 predicted, +2.9) | 9.71 / 8.83 |
| 2011.05 | 95.8 | 41.6 | (41.4 predicted, +3.3) | 9.18 / 8.94 |
| 2011.06 | 95.8 | 37.0 | (45.2 predicted, +3.8) | 8.96 |
| 2011.07 | 93.3 (1) | 62.9 (2A) / 65.0 (2B) | (49.4 predicted, +4.1) | (9.16) |
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at
2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder
(NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days). The
official SIDC international sunspot number is typically 30-50% lower. 2B) Month
average to date.
3) Running average based on the preliminary daily SWPC ap indices.
Values in red are based on the official NGDC
ap indices.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to the UTC day. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
