Last major update issued on May 16, 2012 at 04:15 UTC.
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Annotated geomagnetic activity charts - Carrington rotation
2118 [December 2011 - January 2012] -
2119 [January-February
2012]
[Solar polar fields vs solar cycles - updated
June 27, 2011]
The geomagnetic field was quiet on May 15. Solar wind speed at SOHO ranged between 348 and 480 km/s. A weak disturbance was observed reaching SOHO at 01:26 UTC. ACE observed a minor jump in the total field of the IMF at about the same time. This may have been the arrival of weak effects from the CME observed on May 11/12.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 129.0 (increasing 7.5 over the last solar rotation). The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 4 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 4.4). Three hour interval K indices: 22211002 (planetary), 22212202 (Boulder).
The background x-ray flux is at the class B5 level.
At midnight UTC the visible solar disk had 16 spotted active regions (in 2K resolution SDO images).
Region 11476 [N10W63] decayed further losing spots and penumbral area.
The largest penumbra has become symmetrical.
Region 11477 [S23W17] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 11478 [S24W09] was quiet and stable.
Region 11479 [N13E15] was quiet and stable.
Region 11481 [S11E35] was quiet and stable.
Region 11482 [N13E23] developed and could produce C flares.
Region 11483 [S27E39] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 11484 [N10E53] developed further and could produce C flares.
New region 11485 [S18E67] emerged near the southeast limb.
Spotted active regions not numbered by NOAA/SWPC:
S1642 [S18W39] reemerged with a single spot.
S1654 [S26E57] added a few tiny spots.
S1655 [S17E24] was quiet and stable.
S1658 [S22W79] was quiet and stable.
New region S1659 [N10E82] rotated into view at the northeast limb.
New region S1660 [S05W23] emerged with a tiny spot.
New region S1661 [N33E42] emerged with a single spot.
May 13-15: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed in LASCO or STEREO imagery.
Coronal hole history (since October
2002)
Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago
No significant coronal holes are currently in or near Earth facing positions.
The above coronal hole map is based on a method where coronal holes are detected automatically. While the method may need some fine tuning, it has significant advantages over detecting coronal holes manually. The main improvement is the ability to detect coronal holes at and just beyond the solar limbs. Early results using this method for SDO images over a span of several weeks indicate a good match between coronal holes observed over the visible disk and their extent and position at the east and west limbs. Note that the polar coronal holes are easily detected using this method, the extent and intensity of both CHs are consistent with other data sources.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over high and upper middle latitudes is poor to fair. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is poor.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet on May 16-19.
Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejection (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth within the
next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the color changes to
green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48
hours.
Green: 0-20% probability, Yellow: 20-60% probability, Red: 60-100% probability.
Click on image for higher resolution image) Compare to the previous day's image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue (blue-green) is positive.
Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.
Active region | Date numbered detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with magnetic polarity overlay |
Comment | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SWPC | STAR SDO | SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | ||||||
2K | 1K | ||||||||||
11476 | 2012.05.04 2012.05.05 |
12 | 21 | 10 | N10W56 | 0600 | FHO | FHO |
beta-gamma location: N10W63 |
||
11477 | 2012.05.07 2012.05.08 |
1 | 9 | 2 | S22W19 | 0030 | HSX | CRO |
location: S23W17 |
||
11478 | 2012.05.08 2012.05.10 |
1 | 3 | 1 | S24W10 | 0080 | HSX | CSO | area: 0120 | ||
S1642 | 2012.05.09 | 1 | S18W39 | 0000 | AXX | ||||||
11479 | 2012.05.10 2012.05.11 |
1 | 6 | 3 | N13E13 | 0050 | HSX | CSO |
area: 0090 location: N13E15 |
||
S1645 | 2012.05.10 | S12W43 | plage | ||||||||
11482 | 2012.05.11 2012.05.13 |
4 | 32 | 11 | N14E20 | 0070 | DAI | DAI |
area: 0200 location: N13E23 |
||
S1647 | 2012.05.11 | N13W11 | plage | ||||||||
11483 | 2012.05.12 2012.05.13 |
7 | 14 | 6 | S27E23 | 0010 | AXX | BXO |
beta-gamma area: 0020 |
||
11481 | 2012.05.12 2012.05.13 |
1 | 5 | 2 | S10E33 | 0030 | HSX | CSO | location: S11E35 | ||
11484 | 2012.05.13 | 6 | 22 | 13 | N10E50 | 0010 | BXO | DAI |
area: 0120 location: N10E53 |
||
S1651 | 2012.05.13 | N31E14 | plage | ||||||||
S1652 | 2012.05.13 | S03W31 | plage | ||||||||
S1653 | 2012.05.13 | N28W23 | plage | ||||||||
S1654 | 2012.05.14 | 4 | 1 | S26E57 | 0000 | BXO | |||||
S1655 | 2012.05.14 | 7 | 3 | S17E24 | 0000 | BXO | |||||
S1656 | 2012.05.14 | S32W30 | plage | ||||||||
S1657 | 2012.05.14 | S22W45 | plage | ||||||||
S1658 | 2012.05.14 | 1 | S22W79 | 0000 | AXX | ||||||
S1659 | 2012.05.15 | 1 | 1 | N10E82 | 0000 | AXX | |||||
S1660 | 2012.05.15 | 1 | S05W23 | 0000 | AXX | ||||||
S1661 | 2012.05.15 | 1 | N33E42 | 0000 | AXX | ||||||
11485 | 2012.05.15 | 2 | 10 | 5 | S19E65 | 0010 | AXX | DRO |
location: S18E67 area: 0030 |
||
Total spot count: | 35 | 138 | 58 | ||||||||
Sunspot number: | 125 | 298 | 178 | (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
Weighted penumbral SN: | 70 | 179 | 99 | (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 75 | 104 | 98 | k * (sunspot number). k = 0.6 for SWPC, k = 0.35 (changed from 0.45 on March 1, 2011) for STAR SDO 2K, k = 0.55 for STAR SDO 1K |
Month | Average measured solar flux | International sunspot number (SIDC) | Smoothed sunspot number | Average ap (3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2008.07 | 65.7 (SF minimum) | 0.5 | 2.8 (-0.4) | |
2008.12 | 69.2 | 0.8 | 1.7 (-) sunspot minimum |
|
2011.02 | 94.6 | 29.4 | 33.4 (+2.4) | 6.44 |
2011.03 | 115.0 | 56.2 | 36.9 (+3.5) | 8.18 |
2011.04 | 112.6 | 54.4 | 41.8 (+4.9) | 8.83 |
2011.05 | 95.8 | 41.6 | 47.6 (+5.8) | 8.94 |
2011.06 | 95.8 | 37.0 | 53.2 (+5.6) | 8.06 |
2011.07 | 94.2 | 43.9 | 57.2 (+4.0) | 8.16 |
2011.08 | 101.7 | 50.6 | 59.0 (+1.8) | 7.26 |
2011.09 | 133.8 | 78.0 | 59.5 (+0.5) | 12.27 |
2011.10 | 137.3 | 88.0 | 59.9 (+0.4) | 8.28 |
2011.11 | 153.5 | 96.7 | (61.2 projected, +1.3) | 5.55 |
2011.12 | 141.3 | 73.0 | (63.9 projected, +2.7) | 3.78 |
2012.01 | 132.5 | 58.3 | (67.4 projected, +3.5) | 7.15 |
2012.02 | 106.5 | 33.1 | (71.4 projected, +4.0) | 8.81 |
2012.03 | 114.7 | 64.2 | (73.5 projected, +2.1) | 16.08 |
2012.04 | 113.0 | 55.2 | (74.5 projected, +1.0) | 10.10 |
2012.05 | 123.0 (1) | 50.2 (2A) / 103.7 (2B) | (75.8 projected, +1.3) | (10.08) |
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at
2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder
(NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days). The
official SIDC international sunspot number is typically 30-50% lower. 2B) Month
average to date.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices.
Values in red are based on the definitive
international Potsdam
WDC
ap indices.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to the UTC day. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.