The geomagnetic field was quiet to unsettled on May 9. The high latitude magnetometer at Andenes recorded quiet to unsettled levels.
Solar flux density measured at 20h UT on 2.8 GHz was 117.0 - increasing 21.5 over the previous solar rotation. (Centered 1 year average SF at 1 AU - 183 days ago: 95.79). The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 6 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 6.1). Three hour interval K indices: 23211110 (planetary), 34222311 (Boulder), 33222222 (Andenes).
The background x-ray flux is at the class C1 level (GOES 16).
At the time of counting spots (see image time), spots were observed in 7 active regions using 2K resolution (SN: 166) and in 5 active regions using 1K resolution (SN: 92) SDO/HMI images.
Region 13004 [S13W83] was mostly quiet and
stable. C1 flares: C1.2 @ 20:57 UT (this flare was incorrectly attributed to
AR 13007 by SWPC).
Region 13006 [S30E04] developed slowly with many small spots
appearing. The magnetic delta, which has been present since the region
rotated into view, strengthened. The region could produce a major flare. C1
flares: C1.5 @ 18:03, C1.0 @ 19:54, C1.2 @ 21:26 UT
Region 13007 [S23E58] was somewhat active and could produce a minor M class flare.
C1 flares: C1.0 @ 17:41 UT
Spotted regions not observed (or interpreted
differently) by SWPC:
S7542 [S16W73] reemerged with a tiny spot.
S7551 [N27W13] reemerged with tiny spots.
New region S7556
[N23E09] was observed with tiny spots in an old plage area.
New region S7557 [S18E49] emerged with tiny spots.
Minor update added at 19:10 UT on May 10: AR 13007 was the source of a C4.7 long duration event at 13:36 UT. Development occurred in the central spot section with opposite polarity spots not well separated. Then AR 13006 generated a major impulsive X1.5 flare at 13:55 UT, this event was associated with a fast EIT wave, however, no Earth directed CME were observed in initial LASCO imagery. The center of this flare was in the spot containing the magnetic delta. The X1 flare appeared to trigger a long duration M1.0 further southeast in the region, this event peaked at 14:33 UT.
C2+ flares:
| Magnitude | Peak time (UT) | Location | Source | Recorded by | Comment |
| C2.5 | 01:05 | 13004 | GOES16 | ||
| C2.1 | 14:31 | S22E67 | 13007 | GOES16 |
May 7-9: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed in available LASCO imagery.
[Coronal hole history (since October 2002)]
[Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago]
A small northern hemisphere coronal hole (CH1077) rotated across the central meridian on May 7.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over upper middle and high latitudes is fair. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is poor.
Quiet to occasionally unsettled conditions are likely on May 9. On May 10-11 there is a chance of unsettled intervals due to weak effects from CH1077.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejection (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole
could reach Earth within the next 5 days. When the high speed
stream has arrived the color changes to green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48 hours.
Green: 0-30% probability, Yellow: 30-70% probability, Red: 70-100% probability.
(Click on image for 2K resolution).
4K resolution.
Compare to the previous day's image. 0.5K image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue is positive.
Data for all officially numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC, all other regions are numbered sequentially as they emerge using the STAR spot number. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers. SWPC data considered to be not sufficiently precise (location, area, classification) are colored red.
| Active region | SWPC date numbered STAR detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with magnetic polarity overlays |
Comment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC/ USAF |
Magnetic (SDO) |
SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | ||||||
| 2K | 1K | ||||||||||
| 13001 | 2022.04.25 2022.04.26 |
1 | S32W92 | 0060 | HSX |
 |
rotated out of view |
||||
| 13004 | 2022.04.27 2022.05.02 |
1 | 5 | 2 | S13W85 | 0180 | HSX | CKO |
 |
 |
area: 0320 |
| 13003 | 2022.04.28 2022.04.29 |
S24W81 |
|
||||||||
| 13005 | 2022.05.01 2022.05.02 |
1 | N20W90 | 0000 | AXX |
this is AR S7553. NOAA location is incorrect rotated out of view |
|||||
| S7538 | 2022.05.02 | S19W50 | |||||||||
| 13006 | 2022.05.02 2022.05.04 |
10 | 55 | 26 | S31E04 | 0050 | CSO | DAC |
 |
 |
beta-gamma-delta location: S30E04 area: 0130 |
| S7540 | 2022.05.02 | S13W09 | |||||||||
| S7542 | 2022.05.04 | 1 | S16W73 | 0001 | AXX |
 |
|||||
| S7546 | 2022.05.05 | S25W34 | |||||||||
| S7548 | 2022.05.05 | S18W19 | |||||||||
| S7549 | 2022.05.05 | N25W51 | |||||||||
| S7550 | 2022.05.06 | S18W55 | |||||||||
| S7551 | 2022.05.06 | 6 | N28W27 | 0010 | BXO |
 |
|||||
| 13007 | 2022.05.07 2022.05.08 |
8 | 23 | 12 | S24E58 | 0160 | DSO | FSI |
 |
 |
area: 0180 |
| S7554 | 2022.05.07 | S29W24 | |||||||||
| S7555 | 2022.05.08 | N02E19 |
 |
likely SC24 group | |||||||
| S7556 | 2022.05.09 | 3 | 1 | N23E09 | 0005 | AXX |
 |
||||
| S7557 | 2022.05.09 | 3 | 1 | S18E49 | 0005 | BXO |
 |
||||
| Total spot count: | 21 | 96 | 42 | ||||||||
| Sunspot number: | 71 | 166 | 92 | (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
| Weighted SN: | 41 | 116 | 62 | (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
| Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 78 | 91 | 74 | ||||||||
| Month | Average solar flux | International sunspot number (WDC-SILSO) |
Smoothed sunspot number (4) | Average ap (3) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured | 1 AU | ||||
| 2014.02 | 170.3 (cycle peak) |
166.3 | 146.1 (SC24 peak) | 110.5 | 10.70 |
| 2014.04 | 143.9 | 144.8 | 112.5 | 116.4 (solar max) | 7.88 |
| 2017.09 | 91.3 | 92.3 | 43.6 | 18.2 (-1.3) | 18.22 (cycle peak) |
| 2019.11 | 70.2 | 68.7 | 0.5 | 2.0 (-0.6) (Solar minimum using 365d smoothing: November 17, 2019) |
4.19 |
| 2019.12 | 70.8 | 68.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 (-0.2) (ISN 13 months smoothed solar minimum) |
3.22 |
| 2020.10 |
74.6 | 74.2 | 14.6 | 11.9 (+1.4) | 6.13 |
| 2020.11 | 89.9 | 88.0 | 34.5 | 13.6 (+1.7) | 4.77 |
| 2020.12 | 86.9 | 84.2 | 23.1 | 15.3 (+1.7) | 4.72 |
| 2021.01 | 76.0 | 73.6 | 10.4 | 17.3 (+2.0) | 4.39 |
| 2021.02 | 74.3 | 72.4 | 8.2 | 19.0 (+1.7) | 9.50 |
| 2021.03 | 76.0 | 75.2 | 17.2 | 21.7 (+2.7) | 10.17 |
| 2021.04 | 75.9 | 76.4 | 24.5 | 24.8 (+3.1) | 8.40 |
| 2021.05 | 75.3 | 77.1 | 21.2 | 25.8 (+1.0) | 6.50 |
| 2021.06 | 79.4 | 81.8 | 25.0 | 27.6 (+1.8) | 5.52 |
| 2021.07 | 81.0 | 83.6 | 34.3 | 31.3 (+3.7) | 5.51 |
| 2021.08 | 77.7 | 79.7 | 22.0 | 35.3 (+4.0) | 6.19 |
| 2021.09 | 87.0 | 88.2 | 51.3 | 40.0 (+4.7) | 6.33 |
| 2021.10 | 88.9 | 88.3 | 37.4 | 45.0 (+5.0) | 7.38 |
| 2021.11 | 86.2 | 84.4 | 34.8 | (50.0 projected, +5.0) | 9.83 |
| 2021.12 | 103.0 | 99.8 | 67.5 | (55.8 projected, +5.8) | 6.40 |
| 2022.01 | 103.8 | 100.5 | 54.0 | (60.3 projected, +4.5) | 8.92 |
| 2022.02 | 109.1 | 106.5 | 59.7 | (65.2 projected, +4.9) | 10.46 |
| 2022.03 | 117.0 | 115.8 | 78.5 | (70.7 projected, +5.5) | 10.20 |
| 2022.04 | 130.8 | 131.7 | 84.1 | (75.9 projected, +5.2) | 12.0 |
| 2022.05 | 117.7 (1) | 19.3 (2A) / 66.3 (2B) / 89.3 (2C) | (82.3 projected, +6.4) | (4.8) | |
| 2022.06 | (88.2 projected, +5.9) | ||||
| 2022.07 | (95.4 projected, +7.2) | ||||
| 2022.08 | (102.1 projected, +6.7) | ||||
| 2022.09 | (107.1 projected, +5.0) | ||||
| 2022.10 | (110.3 projected, +3.2) | ||||
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at 2800 MHz
and any corrections applied to that measurement.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder (NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days).
2B) Boulder SN current month average to date.
2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices. Values in red
are based on the definitive international
GFZ Potsdam WDC ap indices.
4) Source: SIDC-SILSO.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on the analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to Universal Time. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
