Last major update issued on October 24, 2012 at 03:05 UTC.
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The geomagnetic field was quiet to unsettled on October 23. Solar wind speed at SOHO ranged between 345 and 373 km/s.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 141.6 (increasing 2.4 over the last solar rotation). The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 7 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 7.0). Three hour interval K indices: 23222121 (planetary), 23222322 (Boulder).
The background x-ray flux was at the class B5 level.
At midnight UTC the visible solar disk had 8 spotted active regions (in 2K resolution SDO images).
Region 11591 [N07W76] was quiet and stable.
Region 11593 [N16W31] was mostly quiet and stable. A filament eruption
near this region 07-09h UTC may have produced a faint CME with an Earth directed
component.
Region 11596 [N07E05] was mostly quiet. There's weak polarity intermixing,
however, the region appears to be slowly decaying.
Region 11598 [S12E43] has a strong magnetic delta
structure in the large trailing penumbra, a positive polarity umbra is
sandwiched between negative polarity umbrae. Further major flares are possible.
Flares: X1.8 at 03:17 UTC and several C
class events. The X class event was a "dry" flare in the sense that no
associated CME was observed.
New region 11599 [S11E70] rotated into view on October 22 and was
numbered the next day by SWPC.
Spotted regions not numbered by NOAA/SWPC:
S1997 [N09W35] reemerged with a tiny spot.
S2001 [S18W30] was quiet and stable.
S2005 [N11W07] remeerged with a tiny spot.
October 22-22: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed in LASCO and STEREO imagery.
October 23: A CME was observed off the east limb in STEREO-A imagery
after the filament eruption near AR 11593. This CME was at best faint in
STEREO-B imagery.
Coronal hole history (since October
2002)
Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago
While a northern hemisphere coronal hole will rotate across the central meridian on October 24, it is likely too far to the north to become geoeffective.
The above coronal hole map is based on a method where coronal holes are detected automatically. While the method may need some fine tuning, it has significant advantages over detecting coronal holes manually. The main improvement is the ability to detect coronal holes at and just beyond the solar limbs. Early results using this method for SDO images over a span of several weeks indicate a good match between coronal holes observed over the visible disk and their extent and position at the east and west limbs. Note that the polar coronal holes are easily detected using this method, the extent and intensity of both CHs are consistent with other data sources.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over high and upper middle latitudes is fair. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is fair.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet on October 24-26.
Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejection (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth within the
next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the color changes to
green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48
hours.
Green: 0-20% probability, Yellow: 20-60% probability, Red: 60-100% probability.
Click on image for higher resolution image) Compare to the previous day's image. 0.5k image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue (blue-green) is positive.
Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.
Active region | Date numbered detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with magnetic polarity overlay |
Comment | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SWPC | STAR SDO | SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | ||||||
2K | 1K | ||||||||||
11591 | 2012.10.11 2012.10.12 |
1 | 1 | 1 | N06W74 | 0110 | HSX | HSX |
area: 0180 |
||
11594 | 2012.10.14 2012.10.15 |
S27W45 | plage | ||||||||
11593 | 2012.10.15 | 2 | 8 | 4 | N15W33 | 0020 | HSX | CRO | |||
S1987 | 2012.10.15 | N08W32 | plage | ||||||||
11596 | 2012.10.17 2012.10.18 |
14 | 31 | 14 | N07E06 | 0300 | EKO | EHO |
area: 0500 |
||
S1992 | 2012.10.17 | S16W55 | plage | ||||||||
S1997 | 2012.10.18 | 1 | 1 | N09W35 | 0000 | AXX | |||||
S2000 | 2012.10.19 | N12W39 | |||||||||
S2001 | 2012.10.19 | 3 | S18W30 | 0000 | AXX | ||||||
11598 | 2012.10.20 | 16 | 28 | 13 | S12E44 | 0420 | DKI | DHC |
beta-gamma-delta area: 0550 |
||
S2003 | 2012.10.21 | N09E30 | plage | ||||||||
S2004 | 2012.10.21 | N20W06 | plage | ||||||||
S2005 | 2012.10.21 | 1 | N11W07 | 0000 | AXX | ||||||
11599 | 2012.10.22 2012.10.23 |
1 | 1 | 1 | S09E73 | 0060 | HSX | HSX | area: 0150 | ||
S2007 | 2012.10.22 | S35E22 | plage | ||||||||
S2008 | 2012.10.22 | N04W18 | plage | ||||||||
Total spot count: | 34 | 74 | 34 | ||||||||
Sunspot number: | 84 | 154 | 94 | (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
Weighted SN: | 69 | 107 | 67 | (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 50 | 54 | 52 | k * (sunspot number). k = 0.6 for SWPC, k = 0.35 for STAR SDO 2K, k = 0.55 for STAR SDO 1K |
Month | Average measured solar flux | International sunspot number (SIDC) | Smoothed sunspot number | Average ap (3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2011.08 | 101.7 | 50.6 | 59.0 (+1.8) | 7.26 |
2011.09 | 133.8 | 78.0 | 59.5 (+0.5) | 12.27 |
2011.10 | 137.3 | 88.0 | 59.9 (+0.4) | 8.28 |
2011.11 | 153.5 | 96.7 | 61.1 (+1.2) | 5.55 |
2011.12 | 141.3 | 73.0 | 63.4 (+2.3) | 3.78 |
2012.01 | 132.5 | 58.3 | 65.5 (+2.1) | 7.15 |
2012.02 | 106.5 | 32.9 | 66.9 (+1.4) possible cycle 24 max |
8.81 |
2012.03 | 114.7 | 64.3 | 66.8 (-0.1) | 16.08 |
2012.04 | 113.0 | 55.2 | (64.7 projected, -2.1) | 10.10 |
2012.05 | 121.5 | 69.0 | (61.8 projected, -2.9) | 7.06 |
2012.06 | 119.6 | 64.5 | (59.9 projected, -1.9) | 10.08 |
2012.07 | 133.9 | 66.5 | (60.0 projected, +0.1) | 13.90 |
2012.08 | 115.4 | 63.1 | (62.0 projected, +2.0) | 7.96 |
2012.09 | 122.9 | 61.5 | (63.6 projected, +1.6) | 8.07 |
2012.10 | 124.7 (1) | 58.2 (2A) / 78.4 (2B) / 59.4 (2C) | (63.5 projected, -0.1) | (12.67) |
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at
2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder
(NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days). The
official SIDC international sunspot number is typically 30-50% lower. 2B)
Boulder SN current month
average to date. 2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices.
Values in red are based on the definitive
international Potsdam
WDC
ap indices.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to the UTC day. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.