Last major update issued on May 19, 2013 at 05:30 UTC.
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[Solar cycles 23-24 (last update May 1, 2013)] [Cycle
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[Solar cycles 1-20]
[Graphical comparison of cycles 21, 22, 23 and 24 (last
update May 1, 2013)]
[Graphical comparison of cycles 10, 12, 13, 14, 16 and
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[Historical solar and geomagnetic data charts 1954-2006
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[Presentation
3rd
SSN Workshop, Tucson, 2013 (pdf)]
The geomagnetic field was quiet to minor storm on May 18. Solar wind speed at SOHO ranged between 358 and 459 km/s under the influence of CME effects.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 132.1 (increasing 22.8 over the last solar rotation). The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 17 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 16.6). Three hour interval K indices: 45222132 (planetary), 45532322 (Boulder).
The background x-ray flux was at the class B5 level.
At midnight UTC the visible solar disk had 12 spotted active regions (in 2K resolution SDO images).
Region 11743 [N21W75] decayed further and lost the trailing spots.
Region 11744 [N06W51] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 11745 [N14W27] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 11746 [S28W25] was quiet and stable.
Region 11747 [S17W33] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 11748 [N13E10] decayed further. The leading penumbra has a magnetic delta structure,
however, with the decay particularly in the negative polarity area, the flare
potential of the region has decreased. Minor M class flaring is possible. C5+ flare:
C6.0 at 03:45 UTC.
Region 11749 [S22W78] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 11750 [S09W54] was quiet but could produce occasional C class
events.
Region 11752 [N19W50] decayed slowly and was mostly quiet.
Spotted regions not numbered by SWPC:
S2419 [S17E08] reemerged with a penumbra spot.
S2420 [S11W40] was quiet and stable.
New region S2426 [S16E80] rotated into view.
May 16, 18: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed in LASCO and
STEREO imagery.
May 17: A halo CME was observed after an M3 event in AR 11748. The CME
was fast and will likely reach Earth on May 19.
Coronal hole history (since October
2002)
Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago
No obvious coronal holes are currently in or near Earth facing positions.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over high and upper middle latitudes is poor. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is fair to good.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to minor storm on May 19-20 due to CME effects and quiet on May 21.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejection (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth within the
next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the color changes to
green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48
hours.
Green: 0-20% probability, Yellow: 20-60% probability, Red: 60-100% probability.
(Click on image for 2K resolution) Compare to the previous day's image. 0.5k image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue is positive.
Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.
| Active region | Date numbered detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with magnetic polarity overlay |
Comment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC | STAR SDO | SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | ||||||
| 2K | 1K | ||||||||||
| 11742 | 2013.05.07 2013.05.09 |
N28W73 | plage | ||||||||
| 11743 | 2013.05.08 2013.05.09 |
2 | 1 | 1 | N20W69 | 0010 | AXX | AXX |
 |
 |
location: N21W75 |
| 11744 | 2013.05.08 2013.05.09 |
5 | 10 | 4 | N06W54 | 0070 | DAO | CRO |
 |
 |
|
| 11745 | 2013.05.10 | 11 | 18 | 7 | N14W27 | 0210 | DAO | CAO |
 |
 |
|
| 11746 | 2013.05.10 2013.05.11 |
4 | 8 | 5 | S27W26 | 0120 | DSO | CSO |
 |
 |
area: 0190 |
| 11747 | 2013.05.12 | 6 | 9 | 3 | S18W31 | 0040 | CAO | CRO |
 |
 |
|
| 11751 | 2013.05.12 2013.05.15 |
S23W15 |
 |
plage | |||||||
| S2412 | 2013.05.12 | S44W51 | plage | ||||||||
| 11748 | 2013.05.13 | 12 | 32 | 16 | N12E11 | 0140 | DAO | DAO |
 |
 |
beta-gamma-delta the easternmost spots are being considered for a split |
| S2414 | 2013.05.13 | N20W53 | plage | ||||||||
| S2415 | 2013.05.13 | S24W52 | plage | ||||||||
| 11749 | 2013.05.13 2013.05.15 |
3 | 3 | 1 | S22W78 | 0010 | BXO | BXO |
 |
 |
|
| 11750 | 2013.05.14 2013.05.15 |
9 | 18 | 12 | S09W54 | 0080 | DAO | DAI |
 |
 |
area: 0140 |
| S2418 | 2013.05.14 | S43W35 | plage | ||||||||
| S2419 | 2013.05.14 | 1 | S17E08 | 0001 | AXX |
 |
|||||
| S2420 | 2013.05.15 | 1 | S11W40 | 0002 | AXX |
 |
 |
||||
| S2421 | 2013.05.15 | S17W42 | plage | ||||||||
| S2422 | 2013.05.15 | S17W57 | plage | ||||||||
| 11752 | 2013.05.15 2013.05.16 |
4 | 4 | 1 | N18W52 | 0020 | CRO | BXO |
 |
 |
|
| S2424 | 2013.05.16 | S29E01 |
 |
plage | |||||||
| S2425 | 2013.05.17 | S14W27 |
 |
plage | |||||||
| S2426 | 2013.05.17 | 1 | S16E80 | 0006 | HRX |
 |
|||||
| Total spot count: | 56 | 106 | 50 | ||||||||
| Sunspot number: | 146 | 226 | 140 | (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
| Weighted SN: | 89 | 135 | 79 | (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
| Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 88 | 79 | 77 | k * (sunspot number). k = 0.6 for SWPC, k = 0.35 for STAR SDO 2K, k = 0.55 for STAR SDO 1K | |||||||
| Month | Average measured solar flux | International sunspot number (SIDC) | Smoothed sunspot number | Average ap (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011.11 | 153.5 (cycle max) | 96.7 (cycle max) | 61.1 (+1.2) | 5.55 |
| 2012.02 | 106.5 | 32.9 | 66.9 (+1.4) possible cycle 24 max |
8.81 |
| 2012.03 | 114.7 | 64.3 | 66.8 (-0.1) | 16.08 |
| 2012.04 | 113.0 | 55.2 | 64.6 (-2.2) | 10.10 |
| 2012.05 | 121.5 | 69.0 | 61.7 (-2.9) | 7.06 |
| 2012.06 | 119.6 | 64.5 | 58.9 (-2.8) | 10.08 |
| 2012.07 | 133.9 | 66.5 | 57.7 (-1.2) | 13.90 |
| 2012.08 | 115.4 | 63.0 | 58.1 (+0.4) | 7.96 |
| 2012.09 | 122.9 | 61.4 | 58.1 (-0.0) | 8.07 |
| 2012.10 | 123.3 | 53.3 | 58.6 (+0.5) | 9.97 |
| 2012.11 | 121.3 | 61.8 | (59.1 projected, +0.5) | 7.08 |
| 2012.12 | 108.6 | 40.8 | (58.4 projected, -0.7) | 3.44 |
| 2013.01 | 127.1 | 62.9 | (58.0 projected, -0.4) | 4.69 |
| 2013.02 | 104.3 | 38.0 | (58.2 projected, +0.5) | 6.11 |
| 2013.03 | 111.3 | 57.9 | (57.8 projected, -0.4) | 10.56 |
| 2013.04 | 124.8 | 72.4 | (57.4 projected, -0.4) | 5.40 |
| 2013.05 | 139.8 (1) | 85.9 (2A) / 147.9 (2B) / 80.9 (2C) | (57.5 projected, +0.1) | (7.99) |
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at
2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder
(NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days). The
official SIDC international sunspot number is typically 30-50% lower. 2B)
Boulder SN current month
average to date. 2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices.
Values in red are based on the definitive
international Potsdam
WDC
ap indices.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to the UTC day. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
